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同聲翻譯有什么原則

日期：2019-05-03 發(fā)布人：來(lái)源：閱讀量：

　　同聲翻譯在生活中有著非常重要的作用，今天證件翻譯公司給大家說(shuō)說(shuō)同聲翻譯有什么原則?

　　Simultaneous translation plays a very important role in life. Today, Document Translation Company will tell you about the principles of simultaneous translation.

　　1、順句驅(qū)動(dòng)

　　1. Sentence-driven

　　在同傳過(guò)程中，譯員按聽到的原語(yǔ)的句子順序，把整個(gè)句子切成意群?jiǎn)挝换蛐畔挝唬偈褂眠B接詞把這些單位自然連接起來(lái)，譯出整體的意思。這種翻譯方法為“順句驅(qū)動(dòng)”。

　　In the process of simultaneous interpretation, the translator cuts the whole sentence into meaning group units or information units according to the order of sentences in the original language he hears, and then uses conjunctions to connect these units naturally and translate the whole meaning. This translation method is "sentence driven".

　　2、隨時(shí)調(diào)整

　　2. Readjustment at any time

　　調(diào)整是同聲翻譯中的校譯過(guò)程，是譯員根據(jù)接受到的新的內(nèi)容調(diào)整信息、糾正錯(cuò)譯、補(bǔ)充漏譯的重要環(huán)節(jié)。如英語(yǔ)中的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)等大多出現(xiàn)在句尾，在使用“ 順句驅(qū)動(dòng) ” 進(jìn)行翻譯時(shí)，會(huì)出現(xiàn)譯完主句，又出現(xiàn)狀語(yǔ)的情況。

　　Adjustment is the process of proofreading in simultaneous translation. It is an important step for translators to adjust information, correct errors and supplement missed translations according to the new content they receive. For example, adverbials of time and place in English mostly appear at the end of the sentence. When using "sentence driven" to translate, there will be the situation of translating the subject and adverbial.

　　3、適度超前

　　3. Moderate Advance

　　同聲傳譯中的“適度超前”是指口譯過(guò)程中的“預(yù)測(cè)技能。就是在原語(yǔ)信息還不完整的情況下，譯員可能要講的內(nèi)容而進(jìn)行“超前翻譯”，從而贏得時(shí)間，緊跟發(fā)言人進(jìn)行同步翻譯。，因?yàn)樵诜g過(guò)程中要是等到全部信息接受以后再進(jìn)行翻譯就不是同聲翻譯了。即使翻譯能夠進(jìn)行下去，也是斷斷續(xù)續(xù)。聽眾很難接收到完整的信息。

　　In simultaneous interpretation, "moderate advance" refers to "predictive skills" in the process of interpretation. In the case of incomplete information in the source language, the translator may "translate ahead" what he or she wants to say, thus gaining time and translating synchronously with the speaker. Because in the process of translation, if you wait until all the information is accepted, then the translation will not be simultaneous. Even if translation can go on, it is intermittent. It is difficult for the audience to receive complete information.

　　4、信息重組

　　4. Information Reorganization

　　公司知道信息重組是同聲翻譯的總策略。初學(xué)同傳的學(xué)員往往把注意力集中在譯“語(yǔ)言”上，結(jié)果經(jīng)常“卡殼”。因?yàn)橛h語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)言差別較大，要做到一一對(duì)應(yīng)地進(jìn)行翻譯是很難的。因此，在同傳中應(yīng)遵循譯“信息”的原則。也就是根據(jù)原語(yǔ)的住處點(diǎn)在目的語(yǔ)中根據(jù)目的語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)言習(xí)慣重新組織信息。

　　The company knows that information reorganization is the general strategy of simultaneous translation. New learners of simultaneous interpretation tend to concentrate on the translation of "language", and the result is often "stuck". Because English and Chinese languages are quite different, it is very difficult to translate them one by one. Therefore, the principle of translating "information" should be followed in simultaneous interpretation. That is to say, reorganize information in the target language according to the habits of the target language according to the residence of the original language.

　　5、合理簡(jiǎn)約

　　5. Reasonable Simplicity

　　所謂簡(jiǎn)約，就是同傳譯員在不影響原文主要信息傳達(dá)的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)原文中出現(xiàn)的無(wú)法用目的語(yǔ)處理的材料或原文中出現(xiàn)技術(shù)性較強(qiáng)的材料，在直接譯入到目的語(yǔ)中很難被目的語(yǔ)聽眾所理解的情況下而采取簡(jiǎn)化語(yǔ)言形式、解釋、歸納、概述原語(yǔ)信息的一種翻譯原則。同傳譯員要根據(jù)聽眾的背景決定本原則的使用頻率。如果聽眾對(duì)于所譯內(nèi)容比較陌生，譯員對(duì)翻譯中出現(xiàn)的術(shù)語(yǔ)則要最大限度的簡(jiǎn)約。

　　Simplicity refers to the translation principle of simplifying the form of language, explaining, summarizing and summarizing the information of the source language without affecting the transmission of the main information of the source text. The co-interpreter shall determine the frequency of use of this principle according to the background of the audience. If the audience is unfamiliar with the translated content, the translator should make the terminology in translation as simple as possible.

　　6、信息等值

　　6. Information Equivalence

　　“忠實(shí)”一向被認(rèn)為是檢驗(yàn)翻譯的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。但在同聲傳譯工作中，有時(shí)很難做到“忠實(shí)”于原文，有時(shí)雖然忠實(shí)于原文，卻得不到聽眾的認(rèn)同。口譯不同于筆譯，可以足夠的時(shí)間去構(gòu)思、推敲，同聲傳譯要求譯員在極有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)對(duì)接受到的信息進(jìn)行重組，使目的語(yǔ)聽眾了解原語(yǔ)發(fā)言人的講話內(nèi)容。因此，在同聲翻譯中，對(duì)原語(yǔ)中的字、詞、句有時(shí)候很難譯得十全十美，譯員要努力做到的是根據(jù)接受的詞、句及語(yǔ)篇內(nèi)容掌握原語(yǔ)發(fā)言人要傳達(dá)的主要信息，同時(shí)用聽眾很容易理解的語(yǔ)言方式表達(dá)出來(lái)。

　　"Faithfulness" has always been regarded as the criterion for testing translation. However, in simultaneous interpretation, it is sometimes difficult to be "faithful" to the original text. Sometimes, although faithful to the original text, it is not recognized by the audience. Interpretation is different from translation. It can take enough time to conceive and deliberate. Simultaneous interpretation requires the interpreter to restructure the received information in a very limited time so that the target audience can understand the speech content of the spokesman. Therefore, in simultaneous translation, it is sometimes difficult to translate the words, words and sentences in the source language perfectly. The translator should try to grasp the main information that the speaker of the source language wants to convey according to the accepted words, sentences and text content, and at the same time express it in a language way that is easy for the audience to understand.

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